This PhD opportunity at the University of Liverpool focuses on the application of machine learning methods to model and optimise operational strategies for trans-critical CO2 heat pumps. Heat pumps are a critical technology for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, with CO2-based systems offering significant environmental and energy efficiency advantages over traditional refrigerants. The project aims to advance sustainable heating and cooling technologies by leveraging advanced computational methodologies to enhance the performance and operational range of CO2 heat pumps.

Based within the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, the research will involve collaboration with industry partner isentra Ltd, providing access to substantial real-world datasets for model validation and optimisation. The student will work on developing data-driven models and optimisation algorithms to improve heat pump efficiency and contribute to greener energy solutions. Key research areas include energy technologies, fluid mechanics, mechanical engineering, and thermodynamics.

The University of Liverpool is committed to fostering an inclusive and diverse academic environment, offering support and reasonable project adaptations for students with disabilities or personal circumstances. Applicants may be eligible for a Disabled Students Allowance in addition to the studentship.

Funding for this position includes a university-funded studentship covering full tuition fees (£5,006 per annum for 2025-26) and a maintenance grant at UKRI standard rates (£20,780 per annum for 2025-26) for three years. Additional funding is available through a Research Training Support Grant for consumables and conference attendance. The studentship is open to both home and international applicants, though international students must cover the difference in tuition fees.

Eligibility requires a Master’s Degree or equivalent in an appropriate field of Engineering from a reputable university. Exceptional candidates with a First Class Bachelor’s Degree will also be considered. The university encourages applications from all backgrounds and offers support for those with caring responsibilities or disabilities.

Applications are accepted year-round. To apply, candidates should complete the University of Liverpool online postgraduate research application form for a PhD in Mechanical Engineering, including the project title and reference number ENGMAE001. An interview will be arranged for shortlisted applicants. For further details, refer to the university’s 'How to apply for a PhD' guide.