Wageningen University is offering two PhD positions within the Dutch-Danish project 'Robotic Intercropping', focusing on the development of sustainable crop systems that are resource-use efficient, biodiversity-friendly, and promote important ecosystem services. The project is divided into two main focus areas: 'Agro-ecological Potential' (experimental) and 'Ecological Interactions Among Plants' (modelling). Position #1 (Experimental): This PhD will evaluate and optimize highly diverse intercropping systems, assessing combinations of service crops and their management by robots to reduce agricultural inputs, enhance biodiversity, and maintain crop yields. The research involves large, multi-year field experiments in both Wageningen and Copenhagen, in collaboration with a Danish counterpart. The aim is to analyze how different crop combinations affect ecosystem services and to optimize management strategies for sustainable agriculture. Position #2 (Modelling): This PhD will focus on understanding competition between cash and service crop plants in intercrop systems, using 3D functional-structural plant modelling. The research will address eco-physiological mechanisms underlying plant interactions, considering both above- and belowground processes, and will use experimental data to inform and validate models. The candidate will also contribute to data collection in the field. Both positions are based at the Centre for Crop Systems Analysis (CSA) at Wageningen University, with regular collaboration and meetings across the Dutch and Danish teams. Supervisors for position #1 are Dr Luuk Croijmans, Dr Dirk van Apeldoorn, and Prof Dr Niels Anten; for position #2, Dr Franca Bongers and Prof Dr Jochem Evers. Both positions are co-supervised by Prof Dr Svend Christensen from Copenhagen University, the project leader. Frequent visits to Denmark are expected, especially for the experimental position. Applicants should have a relevant MSc degree and a strong interest in sustainable agriculture, plant sciences, or related fields. Experience with field experiments, plant modelling, or agro-ecological research is desirable. Proficiency in English and the ability to work in a multidisciplinary team are required. Applicants must specify in their application letter which position they are applying for. For more information and to apply, visit the application page .