Numerical Simulation of Deflagration, Detonation and DDT in Large-Scale Inhomogeneous Reactive Mixtures Kingston University in United Kingdom

This PhD project at Kingston University addresses a critical safety challenge in the energy and petrochemical industries: the risk of devastating explosions caused by accidental releases of highly reactive fuels such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). When these fuels are released into the atmosphere, they can form vapor clouds that, under certain conditions, ignite and produce powerful explosions. The nature of the ignition—whether mild or strong—determines whether a deflagration (flame) or a detonation wave is initiated. Of particular concern is the Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT), a process where an accelerating flame transforms into a detonation wave, causing catastrophic damage in a very short time and leaving little opportunity for containment or mitigation.

Current modeling approaches are inadequate for predicting DDT formation, as traditional coarse-grid numerical methods and turbulence models tend to average out the key parameters and ignore the underlying mechanisms. This project aims to develop a practical and reliable modeling approach for simulating DDT in large-scale, inhomogeneous reactive mixtures. The research will involve an in-depth analysis of the DDT mechanism, seeking alternatives to fully resolved simulations by developing new models that can accurately describe the transition process. Validation tests will be conducted to verify the performance of the developed models.

Key research activities include computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code development—preferably using OpenFOAM—high performance computing, and rigorous model validation. The project is highly interdisciplinary, intersecting mechanical, chemical, petroleum, aerospace, and environmental engineering. It offers the opportunity to contribute to improved safety standards, risk assessment, and management practices in industries where large-scale storage and transportation of reactive fuels are common.

The position is part of the Graduate School studentships competition for October 2026 entry, with funding potentially available to cover tuition and stipend, subject to the outcome of the competition. Applicants should have a strong background in engineering, physics, or a related discipline, with experience in CFD and high performance computing considered highly advantageous. English language proficiency is required.

To apply, candidates should review the Graduate School Studentships information and the Faculty of Engineering, Computing and the Environment research webpage at Kingston University. The application deadline is March 4, 2026.