Kees de Groot

This PhD opportunity at the University of Southampton focuses on developing ferroelectric diodes (FeDs) with two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors for next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) hardware. The project aims to address critical energy and latency bottlenecks in modern computing by integrating memory and computation, paving the way for neuromorphic devices that are both efficient and scalable. Ferroelectric diodes are non-volatile memory devices exhibiting rectifying current–voltage hysteresis, making them ideal for dense crossbar arrays in neuromorphic computing architectures. These architectures are designed to overcome the energy, latency, and data-movement limitations of current AI hardware. Despite their promise, FeDs face challenges such as limited cyclability, high operating voltages, insufficient read currents, and device variability, which restrict their scalability and commercial viability. Building on recent breakthroughs in ultra-clean metal contacts to 2D semiconductors and ferroelectrics, this project seeks to develop reliable, multi-bit ferroelectric diode arrays using foundry-compatible processes. The research will focus on controlling ferroelectric domain structure, switching dynamics, and interfacial electrostatics to achieve stable, analog-like conductance states suitable for neuromorphic learning and inference. By systematically addressing endurance, variability, and operating voltage, the project will establish scalable design principles aligned with the requirements of emerging AI hardware. The successful candidate will join the Materials for Intelligent Nanoelectronic Devices (MINDs) lab and receive comprehensive training in nanofabrication and materials characterisation at the Southampton Nanofabrication Centre, one of Europe's most advanced university cleanrooms. Device development will be complemented by advanced electronic and optoelectronic characterisation within the Sustainable Electronic Technologies (SET) group and the ECS Centre for Neuromorphic Technologies. The project also involves collaboration with the University of Cambridge and the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), providing access to world-class metrology and device benchmarking expertise. This interdisciplinary environment is designed to prepare students for careers in academic research and the rapidly growing AI hardware industry. The School of Electronics & Computer Science is committed to equality, diversity, and inclusivity, welcoming applicants from all backgrounds and offering flexible working patterns, generous maternity policies, and onsite childcare facilities. Eligibility: Applicants must hold a UK 2:1 honours degree or its international equivalent in electronics, materials science, physics, or a related discipline. Essential skills include hands-on project experience, nanomaterials synthesis and characterisation, coding or simulation experience (MATLAB, COMSOL, Python), and knowledge of 2D materials, semiconductors, and ferroelectrics. English language qualification is required if applicable. Funding: The University offers a range of funding opportunities for both UK and international students, including Horizon Europe fee waivers, competition-based Presidential Bursaries, and studentships covering tuition fees and a stipend for living costs. Funding is awarded on a rolling basis, so early application is recommended. Application Process: Apply online by selecting the PhD Electronic & Electrical Engineering (7092) programme (Research, 2026/27, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences), choosing full-time or part-time. Include the supervisor's name in section 2 of the application. Applications should comprise a research proposal, CV, two academic references, degree transcripts and certificates, and English language qualification if applicable. For general queries, contact [email protected]. For project-specific questions, email Dr Soumya Sarkar ([email protected]). For further details and to apply, visit the FindAPhD project page .

This PhD project at the University of Southampton focuses on the development of nanoelectronic devices using transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors for neuromorphic computing applications. As part of the EPSRC EXPRESS Programme Grant, the research combines nanofabrication, device physics, and advanced materials characterisation to create transistors and memristive devices from electrodeposited TMDC materials. The EXPRESS programme is a major interdisciplinary initiative led by the Universities of Southampton and Warwick, aiming to exploit single source precursors for the electrochemical growth of functional 1D and 2D metal dichalcogenide semiconductors. Layered TMDC semiconductors are at the forefront of next-generation electronics due to their atomically thin structure, tunable bandgaps, and unique electronic properties. This project will explore the fabrication, characterisation, and optimisation of TMDC-based nanoelectronic devices, targeting functionalities relevant to neuromorphic information processing such as synaptic plasticity, threshold switching, and memristive behaviour. The research is highly interdisciplinary, offering training and collaboration opportunities across chemistry, physics, and electronic engineering, and involves working closely with the EXPRESS consortium. Students will gain hands-on experience in nanofabrication, electronic device measurement, and advanced materials characterisation, with access to state-of-the-art cleanroom facilities and electrical characterisation laboratories. The University of Southampton provides a vibrant and inclusive research environment, with opportunities to present at international conferences and engage with both academic and industrial partners. Funding: The project is fully funded by the Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences (FEPS) and the EPSRC EXPRESS Programme Grant, covering tuition fees and providing an annual stipend. Eligibility: Applicants must hold a UK 2:1 honours degree or its international equivalent in electronic engineering, physics, materials science, or a closely related discipline. A strong interest in nanoelectronics, semiconductor devices, or emerging computing technologies is essential. English language qualifications may be required for non-native speakers. Application deadline: 31 August 2026. How to apply: Apply online for the PhD Electronic & Electrical Engineering (7092) programme (full-time or part-time) for 2026/27, including the supervisor's name in section 2. Submit a research proposal, CV, two academic references, degree transcripts, and English language qualification if applicable. For general queries, contact [email protected]. For project-specific questions, contact Dr Ruomeng Huang at [email protected]. The University of Southampton is committed to equality, diversity, and sustainability, offering flexible working patterns, generous maternity policies, and a supportive research culture.