Ahmed Kamal Abdelkader

Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of ESKD. Formoterol, a long-acting β 2 -adrenergic receptor (β 2 -AR) agonist, reversed diabetic nephropathy in murine models of type 1 and 2 diabetes. In humans, there was an association with protection from progression of CKD in patients with COPD, by means of β 2 -AR agonist intake, compared with those without COPD. These data indicate that β 2 -AR agonists, especially formoterol, could be a new treatment for diabetic nephropathy and other forms of CKD.