Daniel Jönsson

Aim To investigate the association between periodontitis and lung function in the Malmö Offspring Dental Study. Materials and Methods In all 1001 individuals (49.9% female, mean age: 44.6) from Malmö Offspring Dental Study were included. Periodontitis was assessed by a full‐mouth examination protocol including bleeding on probing and classified according to the American Academy of Periodontology/Center for Disease Control definitions. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were expressed as absolute values and %predicted according to Global Lung Function Initiative reference values. FEV 1 , FVC and FEV 1 /FVC were analysed in relation to periodontal status using linear regression. Results Severe periodontitis was found in 7% of the population. Adjusted regression models showed significant associations between lung function and severe periodontitis with 2.1 unit lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio (95% CI: −3.91, –0.23) and odds ratio (adjusted) of 2.56 (95% CI: 1.40, 4.75, p = .003) for airflow obstruction (FEV 1 /FVC less than the lower limit of normal) if having severe periodontitis. Lower values of %predicted FEV 1 and %predicted FVC, but not FEV 1 /FVC, were found in individuals with >25% bleeding on probing. Conclusions Severe periodontitis was associated with lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio and airflow obstruction in the present cohort. More large‐scale prospective studies and intervention studies are required for a comprehensive evaluation.

Aim The metabolite 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furanpropionic acid (CMPF) is a fatty fish–intake biomarker. We investigated the association between plasma levels of CMPF in relation to gingival inflammation and periodontitis case definition, as well as the extent and severity variables. Materials and Methods The Malmö Offspring Study is a population‐based study, and the Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) is its dental arm, including periodontal charting. Plasma CMPF was measured using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and studied in relation to periodontal diagnosis and parameters using multivariable linear or logistic regression modelling adjusting for age, sex, education, body mass index, fasting glucose, and smoking. Results Metabolite data were available for 922 MODS participants. Higher CMPF levels were associated with less gingival inflammation ( β = −2.12, p = .002) and lower odds of severe periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56 to 0.98). Higher CMPF levels were also associated with more teeth ( β = 0.19, p = .001), lower number of periodontal pockets (≥4 mm) ( β = −1.07, p = .007), and lower odds of having two or more periodontal pockets of ≥6 mm (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.98) in fully adjusted models. Conclusions CMPF, a validated biomarker of fatty fish consumption, is associated with less periodontal inflammation and periodontitis. Residual confounding cannot be ruled out, and future studies are warranted.