Fred Ledley

Director, Professor

Bentley University

United States

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About

Fred Ledley is a Director and Professor at Bentley University in the United States. His research areas focus on pharmaceutical innovation, including R&D spending trends, the economic implications of the Inflation Reduction Act, and the role of NIH funding in drug development and market exclusivity. Recent publications examine various aspects of biopharmaceutical licenses, vaccine preparedness prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of public offerings on biotechnology companies.

Articles (13)

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2025

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2020

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2020

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Fred Ledley

Research Interests

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Articles (13)

Sustaining pharmaceutical innovation after the Inflation Reduction Act: trends in R&D spending, equity investment, and business development

Modeling impact of inflation reduction act price negotiations on new drug pipeline considering differential contributions of large and small biopharmaceutical companies

Association between expedited review designations and the US or global burden of disease for drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, 2010–2019: a cross-sectional analysis

NIH funding for patents that contribute to market exclusivity of drugs approved 2010–2019 and the public interest protections of Bayh-Dole

Comparison of Research Spending on New Drug Approvals by the National Institutes of Health vs the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2010-2019.

Comparing the economic terms of biotechnology licenses from academic institutions with those between commercial firms

NIH funding for vaccine readiness before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Comparing long-term value creation after biotech and non-biotech IPOs, 1997–2016

Late-stage Product Development and Approvals by Biotechnology Companies After Initial Public Offering, 1997-2016.

Government as the First Investor in Biopharmaceutical Innovation: Evidence From New Drug Approvals 2010–2019

NIH funding for research underlying new cancer therapies.

We Don't Have to Lose STEM Students to Business.

Profitability of Large Pharmaceutical Companies Compared With Other Large Public Companies.

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