Gianluigi Broggini

The functionalization of unactivated substrates through the combination of copper catalysts and hypervalent iodine reagents represents a versatile tool in organic synthesis to access various classes of compounds. The hypervalent iodine derivatives can be used simply as oxidizing agents to regenerate the catalytic species or they can associate the functionalization of the starting material. In this review, special attention will be paid to methodologies which provide the introduction of nucleophiles into the reagent by use of suitable benziodoxol(on)es or iodonium salts. Many reactions concern C- and N-arylations, but may also involve formation of different carbon–carbon and carbon–nitrogen bonds, carbon–oxygen as well as carbon–halogen and carbon–phosphorus bonds.