Sabina C. Heuss

Objectives Continuously rising healthcare costs have led to financial pressure on the healthcare systems. One of the trends for the reduction of costs is the shift towards outpatient treatment. However, research has not focused on the patients' preferences regarding inpatient versus outpatient treatment settings. The purpose of this review is to examine existing studies surveying patients' preferences related to inpatient and outpatient treatment methods. The aim is to find out whether patients' wishes were queried and considered in the decision‐making process. Design Therefore, the reviewers performed a systematic approach utilizing the PRISMA standards and screened 1′646 articles out of 5′606 articles from the systematic search. Results and Conclusion The screening resulted in 4 studies that analyzed exclusively the patient's choice of treatment setting. The search showed an apparent paucity of current literature and highlights the need for further research. The authors' recommendation includes a better involvement of patients in the decision‐making process as well as adding preferred treatment settings to advanced treatment directives and patient satisfaction questionnaires.