Yasuhide Fukumoto

The ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) as well as the ideal fluid dynamics is governed by a Hamilton equation with respect to the Lie–Poisson bracket. The Nambu bracket manifestly represents the Lie–Poisson structure in terms of derivatives of the Casimir invariants. We construct a compact Nambu bracket representation for the 3D ideal MHD equations with the use of three Casimirs for the second Hamiltonians, the total entropy, and the magnetic and cross-helicities, whose coefficients are all constant. The Lie–Poisson bracket induced by this Nambu bracket does not coincide with the original one, but is supplemented by terms with an auxiliary variable. The supplemented Lie–Poisson bracket qualifies the cross-helicity as the Casimir. By appealing to Noether’s theorem, we show that the cross-helicity is an integral invariant associated with the particle-relabeling symmetry. Employing a Lagrange label function as the independent variable in the variational framework facilitates implementation of the relabeling transformation. By incorporating the divergence symmetry, other known topological invariants are put on the same ground as Noether’s theorem.