Hassan M. Hussein Farh

Power quality disturbance (PQD) signal classification is crucial for the real-time monitoring of modern power grids, assuring safe and reliable operation and user safety. Traditional power quality disturbance signal classification approaches are sensitive to noise, feature selection, etc. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing a data-driven convolutional neural network (CNN) to improve the effectiveness of power quality disturbance signal classification. Deep learning has been successfully used in various fields of recognition, yielding promising outcomes. Deep learning is often characterized as a complex system, with its filters and layers being determined through empirical investigations. A deep learning model was developed for the purpose of classifying PQDs, with the aim of narrowing down the search for unidentified PQDs to a specific problem domain. This approach demonstrates a high level of efficiency in accelerating the process of recognizing PQDs among a vast database of PQDs. In order to automatically identify the number of filters and the number of layers in the model in a PQD dataset, the proposed model uses pyramidal clustering, the Fukunaga–Koontz transform, and the ratio of the between-class scatter to the within-class scatter. The suggested model was assessed using the synthetic dataset generated, with and without the presence of noise. The proposed models outperformed both well-known pre-trained models and state-of-the-art PQD classification techniques in terms of classification accuracy.

This research paper presents a novel droop control strategy for sharing the load among three independent converter power systems in a microgrid. The proposed method employs a machine learning algorithm based on regression trees to regulate both the system frequency and terminal voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC). The aim is to ensure seamless transitions between different modes of operation and maintain the load demand while distributing it among the available sources. To validate the performance of the proposed approach, the paper compares it to a traditional proportional integral (PI) controller for controlling the dynamic response of the frequency and voltage at the PCC. The simulation experiments conducted in MATLAB/Simulink show the effectiveness of the regression tree machine learning algorithm over the PI controller, in terms of the step response and harmonic distortion of the system. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed approach offers an improved stability and efficiency for the system, making it a promising solution for microgrid operations.

Hybrid renewable energy microgrid has become an attractive solution to electrify urban areas. This research proposes a microgrid design problem including photovoltaic (PV) arrays, wind turbine, diesel, and batteries for which Harris hawk optimization (HHO), a metaheuristic technique, is applied. Based on a long-term techno-economic assessment, the HHO approach is used to determine the best hybrid microgrid size for a community in Saudi Arabia’s northern region. The efficacy of HHO is investigated, and its performance was compared with seven metaheuristic techniques, grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), cuckoo search optimizer (CSO), genetic algorithm (GA), Big Bang–Big Crunch (BBBC), coyote optimizer, crow search, and butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), to attain the HRE microgrid optimal sizing based on annualized system cost (ASC) reduction. Some benchmarks (optimum and worst solutions, mean, median, standard deviation, and rate of convergence) are used to distinguish and analyze the performance of these eight metaheuristic-based approaches. The HHO surpassed the other seven metaheuristic techniques in achieving the best HRE microgrid solution with the lowest ASC (USD 149229.9) followed by GOA (USD 149380.5) and CSO (USD 149382.5). The findings revealed that the HHO, GOA, CSO, and coyote have acceptable performance in terms of capturing the global solution and the speed of convergence, with only minimal oscillations. The BBBC, crow search, GA, and BA, on the other hand, have unacceptably poor performance, trapping to the local solution, oscillations, and a long convergence time. In terms of optimal solution and convergence rate, the BBBC and GA both perform poorly when compared to the other metaheuristic techniques.