Jörn Kalinowski

By investigating wet and dry age-related ripening of beef, Pseudomonas strains V3/3/4/13 T and V3/K/3/5 T were isolated. Strain V3/3/4/13 T exhibited more than 99 % 16S rRNA gene-based similarity to Pseudomonas fragi and other members of this group, while isolate V3/K/3/5 T was very close to Pseudomonas veronii and a number of relatives within the Pseudomonas fluorescens group. Additional comparisons of complete rpoB sequences and draft genomes allowed us to place isolate V3/3/4/13 T close to Pseudomonas deceptionensis DSM 26521 T . In the case of V3/K/3/5 T the closest relative was P. veronii DSM 11331 T . Average nucleotide identity (ANIb) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values calculated from the draft genomes of V3/3/4/13 T and P. deceptionensis DSM 26521 T were 88.5 and 39.8 %, respectively. For V3/K/3/5 T and its closest relative P. veronii DSM 11331 T , the ANIb value was 95.1 % and the dDDH value was 60.7 %. The DNA G+C contents of V3/3/4/13 T and V3/K/3/5 T were 57.4 and 60.8 mol%, respectively. Predominant fatty acids were C 16 : 0 , C 18 : 1 ω7 c , C 17 : 0 cyclo and summed feature C 16 : 1 ω7 ct /C 15 : 0 iso 2OH. The main respiratory quinones were Q9, with minor proportions of Q8 and, in the case of V3/K/3/5 T , additional Q10. The main polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and, in the case of V3/K/3/5 T , additional phosphatidylcholine. Based on the combined data, isolates V3/3/4/13 T and V3/K/3/5 T should be considered as representatives of two novel Pseudomonas species. The type strain of the newly proposed Pseudomonas kulmbachensis sp. nov. is V3/3/4/13 T (=DSM 113654 T =LMG 32520 T ), a second strain belonging to the same species is FLM 004-28 (=DSM 113604=LMG 32521); the type strain for the newly proposed Pseudomonas paraveronii sp. nov. is V3/K/3/5 T (=DSM 113573 T =LMG 32518 T ) with a second isolate FLM 11 (=DSM 113572=LMG 32519).