PhD in Heavy-Metal Sensing and Biomarker Monitoring in Freshwater Systems Using Modular Fluorescent and Peptide Nucleic Acid Biosensors (NERC RED-ALERT CDT) University of Bath in United Kingdom

This fully funded PhD position at the University of Bath, within the NERC Red-ALERT Centre for Doctoral Training, offers an exciting opportunity to develop advanced biosensors for heavy-metal detection and biomarker monitoring in UK freshwater systems. The project integrates direct chemical sensing of hazardous metals (cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, zinc) with indirect detection via biological stress biomarkers, addressing urgent environmental and public health challenges as identified by the UK Health Security Agency.

Research will focus on creating a modular fluorescent molecular sensing platform, leveraging aza-BODIPY, cypate-family, and naphthalimide-based fluorophores. The first work package involves developing and validating pattern-based fluorescent sensor arrays for selective Cd²⁺ detection, using multivariate data analysis (PCA, LDA) to classify and quantify metals in complex matrices. The second module designs antisense peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes targeting metallothionein mRNAs, key indicators of cadmium and zinc stress, and integrates these with graphene oxide-based lab-on-chip biosensors for both fluorescence and electrochemical readout.

Validation will be performed using zebrafish models and water samples from RED-ALERT Living Labs across several UK river systems. The project aims to bridge chemical detection with biological response monitoring, laying the groundwork for digital, multimodal early-warning systems for freshwater management. Outputs will provide real-time molecular diagnostics and actionable data for ecosystem health.

Students will receive interdisciplinary training in molecular probe synthesis, fluorescence assays, PNA design, analytical and electrochemical sensing, graphene materials, bioinformatics, and environmental field validation. The project is jointly supervised by experts from Bath and Cardiff and includes industrial collaboration with Integrated Graphene Ltd (iGii).

Applicants should have a strong background in chemistry, chemical engineering, biophysics, biomedical engineering, electronic engineering, or biochemistry, with a First or good Upper Second-Class UK Honours degree (or equivalent). A master’s degree is advantageous. Non-UK applicants must meet English language requirements. The position is open to diverse candidates, and the university encourages applications from under-represented groups.

Funding is available for 3.5 years, covering tuition, a stipend (£20,780 p/a in 2025/6), and a training support budget. The application deadline is January 19, 2026. Apply via the RED-ALERT CDT online application form. For more information, visit the project link or contact the industrial partner at [email protected].