Hiroshi Kiyono

Significance Paneth cells produce granules containing antimicrobial peptides, such as α-defensin for host defense. Examination of the production and utilization of fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2) by Paneth cells revealed two distinct subsets: Fut2 + Paneth cells and Fut2 − Paneth cells. Compared with Fut2 − Paneth cells, Fut2 + Paneth cells were enriched in granules containing antimicrobial peptides. IL-22 and IL-17a were found to be essential for commensal bacteria-dependent Fut2 + Paneth cell development and function as part of gut defense.